Imibuzo yezobuchwepheshe
Imibuzo yezobuchwepheshe okufanele icaciswe ngaphambi kwesilinganiso
Ikhotheshini ye-CNC ilandela umdwebo: izinto ezibonakalayo, ukubekezelelana, nesikhathi sokuhola. Lezi zimpendulo zimboza i-aluminium engu-6061 nensimbi engagqwali, ukubekezelelana okushiwo, imicu, ukushisa okushisayo, ukuqedela, amasampula, neshidi lensimbi. Ukuphrinta, ukubumba, nokuphrinta kwe-3D kungaphandle kwesilinganiso senani.
Ngemva kokuthola ikhotheshini, yini esamele isaluhlolwe esampuleni?
Intengo ye-AI iyisikhombisi. Ubunzima, ukuqina, ukupholishwa, nezilinganiso ezibucayi kulandela umzobo nobunjiniyela. Lapho kuthinta inhlangano, oda isampula ekhokhelwayo ngaphambi kwendawo enkulu.
Ungakhiqiza kusuka kumdwebo noma ingxenye yomzimba, ngaphandle komdwebo?
Hhayi njengokukhululwa kokukhiqiza. Sidinga ISINYATHELO noma umdwebo wobunjiniyela. Umdwebo noma imodeli ephrintiwe ibonisa isimo kuphela. Isakhiwo, izinto ezibonakalayo, nokubekezelelana kuza ngaphambi kwekhotheshini.
Ukufanela 'kulungile nje', kungenzeki kuthiwe ungakhipha ngesandla, futhi akufanele kwehle. Sikhona kanjani ukuthayipha lokho?
Faka imibandela yokusebenzisa kunothi: ukudlidliza, ukufinyelela amagilavu, imijikelezo yokususa, negebe elifanele. Umdwebo usadinga ubukhulu nokubekezelelana okulinganisekayo. I-FEELT ayithathi indawo yomdwebo.
Ucaphuna kanjani izinombolo eziningi zezingxenye ngezingcezu ezimbalwa kuphela ngayinye?
Faka i-CAD yenombolo yengxenye ngayinye. I-MOQ ingu-1, ngomshini nokuthutha okuboniswe ngokwehlukana. Ukuhlinzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe noma ukulingana okunzima kuya kubunjiniyela ngaphambi kokuhleleka.
Ingxenye eyodwa, izimo eziningi zokusebenzisa. Ingabe zonke izimo kufanele zibe nezimbobo zazo?
Cha. Qandisa ubuso obubodwa obufakayo nephethini yomgodi. Ezinye izimo zisebenzisa i-adaptha noma ikhava eshintshekayo. Umdwebo owodwa ulawula izimbobo.
Impahla ibiza kakhulu. Kopisha ingxenye endala noma yakha kabusha?
Qala kumdwebo wamanje noma imodeli elinganisiwe. Uma ubukhulu bodonga, i-radii, noma ushintsho lokuhlukanisa ukuze ulondoloze izinto, khipha umdwebo omusha ngaphambi kokucaphuna. Ungakhiqizi esithombeni sengxenye endala.
Kufanele kufundwe kanjani amamaki okubekezelelana ngomshini?
Inombolo yebanga elincane iqine kakhudlwana. Izici ezingabekezeleleki zilandela ibhulokhi yesihloko. Izimbobo zokucacisa, ukulingana, nanoma yini ephakathi kuka-0.01 mm kumelwe ibizwe futhi iqinisekiswe.
Kukhona kanjani ukulingana, ukubheke obuqondile, nokuma okunqunyiwe?
Zifake emdwebweni onama-datum. Ubukhulu bebodwa bamukelwa njengobukhulu. Isikhundla nephrofayili ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu futhi kudinga indlela yokuhlola okuvunyelwene ngayo.
Kufanele kuthayiphe kanjani i-Ra?
Shayela uRa ebusweni obudingayo. Ungabeki inani elilodwa engxenyeni yonke. Ubuso obungacacisiwe bulandela indawo evamile eyenziwe ngomshini. I-Polish noma i-grind iyinothi elihlukile futhi ingashintsha usayizi.
Thread enkulu noma thread encane?
Ukuzikhethela okuvamile. Amasudi amahle asezindongeni ezincane, ukulungisa, noma ukuzibandakanya okufushane. Yisho isikhundla, iphimbo, ithepha umshini wokubhoboza, nokujula okusebenzisekayo.
Kuyini okumele umdwebo uthi ukuze ithiphu ingase iphuke kancane?
Cacisa intambo, ubukhulu bokuthepha-drill, nokujula okusebenzisekayo. Shiya okungenani izindawo ezingu-1.5 ezicacile ezansi komgodi oyimpumputhe. Ungabhali kuphela okuthi “thepha phansi” emiyalezweni emincane, ejulile.
Kufanele kuthayiphe kanjani ukwelashwa kokushisa?
Izinto zesifundazwe, isilinganiso sobulukhuni, nanoma yikuphi ukusiza ekucindezelekeni. Uma ingekho, ikhotheshini ingeyengxenye eyenziwe ngomshini. Ukucima, ukuthukuthela, nokuqedela kuyimigqa ehlukile.
Anodize, black oxide, noma nickel plate?
I-Anodize ijwayelekile ku-aluminium. Insimbi isebenzisa i-oxide emnyama noma ipuleti elikhethelwe ukugqwala nokubukeka. Umbala, ubukhulu, nobuso obunemaski kufanele kubhalwe, noma ikhotheshini isetshenziswa kuphela.
Kungani kufanele uzame ukupenda engxenyeni encane kakhulu?
Izimbobo, amajika, nokubekezelelana kuyashintsha lapho isembozo sinezela ukujiya. Qinisekisa usayizi wepuleti kusampula elikhokhelwayo ngaphambi kwenani elikhulu. Inani elingafakiwe akuyona ingxenye epuletiwe.
I-5-axis idingeka nini ngempela?
Yisebenzise lapho isethaphu eyodwa kufanele isike ubuso obuningi obunama-engeli, izindawo ezibaziwe, noma izimbobo ezingafani. Ibhulokhi evamile ingahlala ku-3-axis. I-geometry iyanquma, hhayi igama lengxenye.
Yini ebalulekile engxenyeni enkulu ehlangene?
Khuluma ngodonga oluncane kanye nokuhlanekezelwa ongakwamukela. Izindonga ezincane kakhulu ziyaxoxa futhi ziyanyakaza. Isampula elikhokhelwayo elilodwa liyisheke elifanele ngaphambi kweqoqo.
Ingabe i-deburr ifakiwe?
Ukwephula imiphetho evamile ngokuvamile kufakiwe. Uma udinga onqenqemeni lweqiniso olungenayo i-burr, irediyasi ecacisiwe, noma onqenqemeni lomgodi olugingqiwe, bhala lokho. Ukwamukela kulandela inothi, hhayi "kubukeka kubushelelezi".
Ukubuyiselwa kwephepha lensimbi kulungiswa kanjani?
Beka i-engeli yokugoba nomsakazo wangaphakathi emdwebeni. I-Springback incike ezintweni ezibonakalayo nobukhulu. Ingxenye yamukelwe engela yomdwebo. Ukujula kudonsela kude kakhulu ngaphandle kokuzijwayeza okuvamile akuyona ikhotheshini evamile esheshayo.
Ingabe i-draw ratio ephezulu kakhulu inganikwa isilinganiso ngokushesha?
Cha. Ukugoba kwensimbi kwamashidi okuvamile kungafakwa. Ukudonsa okujulile okungaphezu kwenkomishi evamile kudinga ukubuyekezwa kanye nesibalo sezinyathelo. Ayisebenzisi ibanga elivamile le-AI.
I-PDF ne-CAD ziyaphikisana. Iyiphi ephumelela?
Qamba ifayela elilodwa ngaphambi kwe-oda. Asisiki ngenkathi zingqubuzana. Khetha ISINYATHELO sejometri ne-PDF sokubekezelelana namanothi, bese usho kanjalo ekuqinisekiseni.
Ingabe impahla ingashintshwa?
Singaphakamisa ibanga. Ngeke sikushintshe sodwa. Umshintshi uyaqhubeka nokuqinisekisa ngoba ubulukhuni, ukugqwala, nokushisela kungashintsha.
Sifanele sicela liphi liphrofayili lokuhlola?
Umbiko wobukhulu, i-FAI, noma i-CMM ungakhethwa. Ukuhlelwa okugcwele akukhona okuzenzakalelayo. Balloon the critical dimensions. Umbiko uhlanganisa kuphela lokho okuvunyelwene ngakho.
Sifanele sichaze ukunemba kokubekwa komshini?
Cha. Cacisa ukubekezelelana engxenyeni nokuthi kuzohlolwa kanjani. Isitolo sifanisa umshini nomdwebo.
Yini i-casting, futhi uyayisho yini intengo yayo?
Ukuphonswa kuthela insimbi encibilikisiwe esikhunjeni ukuze kungabi nalutho oluyinkimbinkimbi. Imizila ejwayelekile iyisihlabathi, isikhunta esihlala njalo, utshalomali, kanye ne-die cast. I-Zoryra ayicaphuni ukuchithwa, ukubunjwa komjovo, ukuchithwa kwe-die, noma ukuphrinta kwe-3D. Ingcaphuno ihlanganisa i-CNC mill, turn, and drill, 5-axis, sheet metal, prototypes, kanye nokuqedela.
Ingabe ukwazi ukubala ubukhulu kodonga, ukuncipha, kanye nesikhunta lapha?
Cha. Umjovo udinga isikhunta, i-resin, nokuphawula okuncane. Leyo nqubo ingaphandle kwale nkundla. Uma umsebenzi ungokufakwa kwe-CNC, faka lelo fayela le-CNC kuphela.
Ingabe i-wire EDM ingabhukwa intengo yayo?
Yebo. Ukugaya kuseyindlela evamile. Lapho ikona langaphakathi elibukhali, isikhala esincane, noma insimbi eqinile idinga ucingo lwe-EDM, libhale emdwebeni bese licashunwa. Bheka ikhasi le-EDM le-wire. Asikho isibalo somshini noma usayizi wethangi ofunwayo.
Izinto ezingakanani okufanele zisetshenziswe ezingxenyeni zomshini welaser?
I-aluminium engu-6061 iyindlela evamile yezisekelo, izihlalo zempompo, namapleyiti amasha. Sebenzisa insimbi engagqwali uma umdwebo udinga ukumelana nokugqwala. Ibanga lomdwebo liyibanga esilibhala.
Yiliphi ityala kanye nesikhathi sokukhokhela esisebenza ezingxenyeni zomshini welaser?
Izindawo ezijwayelekile zilandela umdwebo. Biza ukuvundla ohlangothini lwe-ophthiki nesifanele sasesihlalweni sempompo. Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokukhokhela cishe nsuku eziyi-8 kuya kweziyi-12 ngosizo olukhanyayo. I-quote ibeka isigaba.
Yiziphi izingxenye zomshini welaser ongazenza?
Izihlalo zempompo, izisekelo ze-ophthiki, amapleyiti amasha, nezibambo zokulungisa. Sisebenza ngengxenye yensimbi emdwebeni. Asihlanganisi i-laser eqediwe.
Yiziphi izimbobo nezifanele okumele umdwebo wesigaba sedrone ukhombise ngaphambi kokubalwa kwentengo?
Imbobo ngayinye egibelayo idinga ububanzi, isikhundla, nokubekezelelana, futhi ubuso ngabunye bokukhwelana budinga ukulingana. Ukulingana nesikweletu akwanele ukucaphuna. Qedela umdwebo kuqala.
Ingabe isekethe yedrone kufanele ibe yi-6061 noma 7075?
Isibhakela esivamile siyi-aluminium engu-6061. Sebenzisa u-7075 lapho umdwebo udinga amandla aphezulu. Ikhotheshini ilandela ibanga elisemdwebweni futhi ayishintshanisi izinto.
Sizokubiza kanjani ukuhambisana kobuso bokupholisa i-AI?
Shayela i-flatness ebusweni bokufaka uphawu uqobo, futhi uphawule ukuthi uphawu noma i-gasket ihlezi kuphi. Isihloko esivimbela ukubekezelelana okuvamile asilawuli lobo buso.
Ingabe ipuleti elibandayo le-AI kufanele libe i-aluminium noma ithusi?
Amapuleti amaningi abandayo yi-aluminium engu-6061. Sebenzisa ithusi lapho umdwebo udinga ukuqhutshwa okushisayo okuphezulu. Amashaneli nobuso bokufaka uphawu kulandela umdwebo.
I-STEP ne-PDF yesiqeshana somshini welaser zinezinhlobo ezahlukene. Iyiphi ekhuluma ngayo?
Ikhotheshini isebenzisa isibuyekezo osibiza ngokuthi samanje. Uma la mafayela amabili engavumelani, qinisekisa ukuthi iyiphi evumelekile bese ufaka lokho kubuyekezwa kuphela.
Esihlalweni se-laser optic, ingabe ukuhambisana okubhalwe phansi noma ukuvumelana kwe-title-block kuyasebenza?
Ubuso bokuhlangana kwesihlalo sokubona buhambisana nesicaba esibizwa ngalobo buso. Ukubekezelelana kokuvinjelwa kwesihloko kusebenza kuphela kosayizi abangenakho ukubizwa okuhlukile.
Ngemuva kokucaphuna kwe-CNC, kufanele sithumele i-STEP, i-PDF, noma i-DWG?
ISINYATHELO kanye ne-PDF enokubekezelelana yikho okubili okuwusizo. I-DWG iyodwa ingabonisa isimo. Usayizi nokubekezelelana kusavela kumdwebo wobunjiniyela.
Umzobo awukhombi ukuphela noma ukuhlolwa. Ukucaphuna kwe-CNC kufaka ini?
Iphayiphi lifaka imishini esekelwe ekudwetshweni nakuyo yonke ukuphela okukhona okwamanje okubhalwe phansi. Ukufaka i-anodize, ukugqoka, noma umbiko wokuhlola ongakubhalwanga ekudwetshweni akufakiwe. Faka ekudwetshweni uma uyidinga.
Izikhathi zokuhola ze-economy, standard, kanye ne-express zisho ukuthini ngaphambi kokuba umzobo uqinisekiswe?
Izinga ezintathu ziyinhloso yesikhathi sokuhola. Kuze kufike ubunjiniyela buqinisekisa izinto, imikhawulo, nokuphelisa, usuku luyisilinganiso. Izinga eliqinisekisiwe libhalwe ephayiphini.